宜昌大老岭地区薇菜的自然分布及人工繁殖技术研究

薇菜是1种具有经济开发潜力的食用蕨类植物,但其经济利用受到野生资源量的限制。为了探讨其适宜的生长条件和繁殖方式,作者对宜昌大老岭地区的野生薇菜种群进行了野外调查和人工繁殖试验。研究表明:①偏好以软阔树种占优势的中、成龄森林立地,成熟针叶林和中、成龄硬阔林立地次之;以海拔900~1 500 m最为适宜;分布以北坡为主。②利用野生母株繁殖,生长快、见效早;孢子繁殖母株培育时间长,但投入产出比低,经济效益好。③薇菜对土壤肥力要求高,施高效叶面肥能快速促进其生长,提高单位面积产量。     

半干旱区造林技术初探

在半干旱地区植苗造林成活与否 ,取决于从选择良种壮苗到抗旱栽植管理整个过程中的苗木水分状况     

半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式土壤物理性质的特征分析

通过对宁夏南部半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式土壤物理性质的定位监测,结果表明:半干旱退化山区采取不同土地利用方式,改善了土壤结构和肥力,增加了土壤的通透性,改变了土壤水肥气热状况。但不同措施对土壤理化性质的改善具有一定的差异性,"88542"水平沟整地(林地)对土壤的改良效果最好。     

金沙江干热河谷区退耕还林适宜造林树种筛选研究

金沙江干热河谷上段退耕还林区适宜造林树种筛选结果:甜酸角、山毛豆、苏门答腊金合欢、新银合欢、久树、印度黄檀等适宜在海拔1400m以下地带造林,构树、木豆、坡柳、余甘子、川楝等适宜在海拔1600m以下地带造林,山合欢、黑荆树、墨西哥柏、干香柏等适宜在海拔1400～1600m地带造林。木豆、坡柳、山毛豆等可进行直播造林,山合欢、黑荆树、川楝、苏门答腊金合欢、新银合欢、久树等采用百日容器苗造林,甜酸角、墨西哥柏、干香柏、印度黄檀等采用1年生容器大苗造林效果更好。块状整地(规格40cm×40cm×40cm),施有机肥加一定量的N、P肥作基肥,塘底施放高丙体粉防治白蚁危害,于雨季初期择时取苗造林,造林后应防止种植塘积水。造林苗木选用充分木质化的粗大壮苗;造林后和雨季中、后期及时清除种植塘周围杂草。     

中国生态区划分与评价和保护建设的研究（V）

生态区评价是国际上新近发展起来的一种科学方法和实践。有利解决资源开发利用保护生态环境的矛盾。中国生态区划分以地面景观为标准，并建立二级分类系统，区一亚区，同时充分利用政府行为。将全国共划分为10个一级生态区：天然林保护生态区、自然保护区生态区、水土保持生态区、防护林生态区、荒漠生态区、湿地生态区、林业生态区、草原生态区、农业生态区、青藏高原高寒生态区。     

塔拉的生态适应性及其在云南适生区域的划分

通过多年的引种对塔拉的生态适应性研究表明,极端低温及降水是制约塔拉生长发育的关键因素.据此将哀牢山以西、怒江、澜沧江下游海拔1450m以下16个县的128个乡镇区划为云南种植塔拉的最佳适生区;哀牢山以东、元江中下游海拔1 250m以下14个县的81个乡镇为一般适生区;公益林种植区为金沙江中游海拔1 100m以下的10个县的62个乡镇.     

Observations on the rooting patterns of some agroforestry trees in an arid region of north-western India

The present study deals with root architecture of 6-year-old trees of 9 indigenous and 3 exotic species growing in arid climate of north-western India. Observations, made on excavated root systems (3 tree replicates of each species) showed large variation in horizontal and vertical spread of roots. In Morus alba, Melia azedarach and Populus deltoides, the roots were confined to 80 cm, while in Prosopis cineraria, Acacia nilotica and Eucalyptus tereticornis, roots penetrated more deeply to 233 cm. The number of total roots ranged from 103 in Acacia catechu to 1932 in Eucalyptus tereticornis, and 62 to 80% of the roots were less than 2 mm in diameter. The primary roots were more horizontal than the secondary roots. The total root biomass varied from 2.2 kg in Acacia catechu to 30.6 kg^–1 tree in Populus deltoides, and top 30 cm soil contained 42 to 78% of the total biomass. The implications of the results are discussed in the context of the ecological niche of the species, and its usefulness in agroforestry systems.     

The dehesa: an agrosilvopastoral system of the Mediterranean region with special reference to the Sierra Morena area of Spain

A multidisciplinary team undertook a six-year investigation on the agro-ecological and socio-economic aspects of the dehesa system in the Sierra Norte area, a part of the Sierra Morena of the Sevilla Province, Western Andalusia, Spain. This paper summarizes its findings on the various agro-ecological features of the system and evaluates the system's functional aspects vis-a-vis the trends and developments in land use in the region over the past few centuries. The synergistic effects of tree cover on understorey grassland vegetation is discussed in terms of soil fertility build-up and favourable micro-climatic and hydrological features, and the potential use of this information in future research and development programmes to improve the dehesa system in the Mediterranean region is outlined.     

三明林区森林健康保护与发展的思考

应用森林健康理论分析得出影响三明林区森林健康的自然因素主要是林分结构不合理、林业有害生物和气候异常;人为因素主要是森林火灾、乱砍滥伐和乱捕滥猎等,提出了保护与发展策略:合理改造林分结构,加大扶育间伐力度,严格封锁林区,科学防治林业有害生物,严密监测森林,严防外来林业有害生物的入侵,加强对森林健康经营管理的领导,树立森林健康理念等。